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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Apply basic drug knowledge
  2. Perform dispensing administration tasks
  3. Maintain dispensary information

Required Skills

This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit

Essential knowledge

The candidate must be able to demonstrate essential knowledge required to effectively do the task outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit manage the task and manage contingencies in the context of the identified work role

This includes knowledge of

Awareness of circumstancessituations where referral to a pharmacist is necessary

Basic understanding of different drug groups including

analgesics and antiinflammatory agents

anticoagulants

antidepressants

antidiabetic agents

antiepileptics

antigout agents

antihistamines

antihypertensives

anxiolytics and hypnotics

asthma treating agents

cholesterol and lip lowering agents

corticosteroids

diuretics

gastrointestinal agents

heart preparations

hormonal preparations

osteoporosis preparations

viral and antibacterial agents antifungals or antibiotics

Basic understanding of the following factors affecting drug groups

blood pressure

breast feeding

geriatric

paediatric

pregnancy

Basic understanding of the following terms

bioavailability

bioequivalence

drug absorption

drug distribution

drug elimination

drug halflife

drug metabolism

Basic understanding of drugdrug interactions and incompatibilities

Charging for pharmaceuticals eg organisation policy and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme

continued

Essential knowledge contd

Different types of medication orders and their different labelling requirements including

inpatient items

outpatient

PBS and Section prescriptions

Dosages and administration methods for commonly used drugs

Drug schedules and their different dispensing handlingrecording requirement including schedule drugs

Factors affecting the administration of drugs and pharmacokinetics

Hygiene and the importance of maintaining a clean working environment and equipment

Identification and handling of products including

formulary drugs and nonformulary drugs eg clinical trial drugs and special access scheme drugs

products with the required integrity as well as those whose integrity has been compromised eg damaged contaminated or deteriorated stock

routine handling of products and products requiring special handling eg cytotoxics and its spill management refrigerated and frozen items light sensitive materials and flammables

Personal hygiene and the use of protective clothing

Pharmacy dispensary systems

Policies standards and guidelines industry codes of practice legislative and regulatory requirements in regards to performing dispensary administrative tasks

Prescribing conventions and abbreviations and medical terminology used for instructions for the use of medicines

Principles and procedures of maintaining security of pharmaceutical products

Principles of calculations weights and measures and knowledge of pharmaceutical calculations using SI system

Procedures and rationale for validating prescriptions

Rationale for applicable legislation organisation policy and inhouse standard operating procedures SOPs relating to prescription preparation

Requirements to be satisfied for a complete unambiguous and valid prescription and actions to take if validity is questionable

Hospital or health facility inhouse computer system

Infection control policies guidelines and symbols and their relevance to working in a hospital pharmacy

OHS policies guidelines and symbols and their relevance to working in a hospital pharmacy

Procedures for dealing with returned goods

Relevant reference material

Essential skills

It is critical that the candidate demonstrate the ability to

Assist pharmacist effectively in the preparation of prescription requirements

Follow instructions and complete tasks accurately and efficiently

Refer issues identified outside scope of practice to the appropriate person

Work in a safe manner

Work in accordance with relevant organisation policy legislative requirements industrial awards and agreements and inhouse operating procedures SOPs

In addition the candidate must be able to effectively do the task outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit manage the task and manage contingencies in the context of the identified work role

This includes the ability to

Communicate and interact appropriately with colleagues health care practitioners and clients

Identify and select correct product with reference to form dose strength brand and quantity

Identify discrepanciesdeviations and refer to the authorised person

Identify drugs by generic and proprietary names or readily access the information

Prepare and process information regarding dispensary administration including PBS and Section claims

Source extract record and disseminate dispensary administration information clinical and financial

Take into account opportunities to address waste minimisation environmental responsibility and sustainable practice issues

Use available resources and prioritise workload

Use dispensary information technology system

Use literacy numeracy and oral communication skills required to fulfil the position in a safe manner as specified by the health care facility

Use problem solving skills

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria Required Skills and Knowledge the Range Statement and the Assessment Guidelines for this Training Package

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate this competency unit


The individual being assessed must provide evidence of specified essential knowledge as well as skills

Observation of workplace performance is essential for assessment of this unit

Consistency of performance should be demonstrated over the required range of situations relevant to the workplace

Where for reasons of safety space or access to equipment and resources assessment takes place away from the workplace the assessment environment should represent workplace conditions as closely as possible

Context of and specific resources for assessment


Assessment should replicate workplace conditions as far as possible

Resources essential for assessment include

Access to relevant workplace or appropriately simulated environment where assessment can take place

Relevant legislation regulations and guidelines

Relevant policies

Method of assessment may include

Observation in the work place

Written assignmentsprojects

Interviewing and questioning

Formal appraisal systems

Supporting statement of supervisors

Access and equity considerations

All workers in the health industry should be aware of access and equity issues in relation to their own area of work

All workers should develop their ability to work in a culturally diverse environment

In recognition of particular health issues facing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities workers should be aware of cultural historical and current issues impacting on health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Assessors and trainers must take into account relevant access and equity issues in particular relating to factors impacting on health of Aboriginal andor Torres Strait Islander clients and communities


Range Statement

The Range Statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Add any essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts.

Major drug groups must include:

Analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents

Viral and anti-bacterial agents, anti-fungals or antibiotics

Anti-coagulants

Anti-depressants

Anxiolytics and hypnotics

Anti-diabetic agents

Anti-epileptics

Anti-gout agents

Corticosteroids

Diuretics

Gastro-intestinal agents

Anti-histamines

Cholesterol and lip lowering agents

Asthma treating agents

Hormonal preparations

Heart preparations

Anti-hypertensives

Osteoporosis preparations

Prescriptions may be for:

Inpatients

Outpatients

Extemporaneous preparations that do not have a fixed formulae, for specific clients, need to be mixed and provided eg dermatological preparation, paediatric formulations

Prescription information may include:

Handwritten

Electronically generated

Include an order by a pharmacist

Medication form and related abbreviations include:

Commonly used abbreviations for dispensing instructions, routes of administration as per Australian Pharmaceutical Formulary abbreviations

Prescription discrepancies and/or situations requiring additional assistance may include but are not limited to:

Incomplete or incorrect prescriber and/or client details

Prescription out of date

Prescriptions marked "cancelled" or otherwise such as to indicate that it has been dispensed and completed

Prescriptions for medicines restricted in their availability including hospital specific restrictions, PBS authority and Section 100

Prescriptions for a narcotic written by the prescriber for self treatment

Questionable dosages and administration method for commonly used drugs

Request for excessive quantities

Regulatory and legislative requirements for each State and Territory may include:

Consumer Law, Environmental Law, Occupational Safety, Health and Welfare Law specific to Local Government, State and Federal Legislation

The Pharmacy/Pharmacists Act and related regulations

Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances/Poisons Act and related regulations

Therapeutic Goods Act

Health Act and related regulations

Privacy legislation

Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme (S85, S100)

Standards may include:

Pharmacy Board Guidelines and/or directives

SHPA standard of practice

SHPA code of conduct/ethics

Pharmaceutical Society of Australia's Professional Practice Standards

Accuracy of client details may include but is not limited to:

Name, current address, date of birth

Concessional/entitlement numbers and categories eg pension

Allergies, medical conditions and other medications taken

Name of client's doctor

Medicare numbers

Ward/clinic/cost centre

Client medication profile may include:

Date of birth

Approximate weight and height of the patient

Any known chronic medical conditions or incapacities

Allergies or history of adverse drug reaction

Any known and relevant lifestyle factors eg history of drug dependency, use of non-pharmacy health care services or therapies

Other medications including OTC, complementary products, prescription etc.

SAS approvals

Restricted drug approvals

Authority numbers

S100 status

Dispensary administrative systems and associated technology may include:

Pharmacy dispensary hardware system:

main hard drive, associated floppy and/or CD/DVD drives

various controller boards for peripheral devices

keyboard, screen, printers, modem, scanners

Pharmacy dispensary software system:

proprietary software

spreadsheets, word processing, accounting packages

customer, supplier, stock, and drug usage databases

Dispensary administrative computerised tasks may include but are not limited to:

Updating patient records - demographic details, entitlement numbers

Maintaining prescriber records

Maintaining medication/drug records

Maintaining dispensing/prescription records

Maintaining supply of cautionary and advisory information ready for use

Financial management reports - number and value of prescriptions dispensed

Drug usage reports

Stock control reports

Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme claims

S100 claims

Government claims

Management accounting - customer accounts

Backing up system and maintaining security - daily, weekly and system backups

Printing consumer product information